Congenital disorders involve the developing fetus. The human brain starts developing shortly after conception. Growth, formation, and migrating nerve cells and neurons all contribute to the development of the brain and the surrounding regions. Any interruption of this rapid process can lead to brain malformation. The causes of these interruptions can be inherited genetics, spontaneous mutations, and teratogens (any outside substance that is harmful to a developing fetus).
Here is a video about an infant with congenital defects. Preventing these disorders mainly include good maternal nutrition and absention of drugs and alcohol.
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